Clinical Trials by Drug Mechanism / Class

Browse recruiting clinical trials by therapeutic mechanism class. Mechanism hubs are useful when your oncologist mentioned a drug class by name (for example, "BCMA bispecific" or "PSMA radioligand") and you want to see all the recruiting options in that class side-by-side. For most patients, browsing by disease is the right starting point.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

Multiple Myeloma — Bispecific T-Cell Engagers

BCMA × CD3 Bispecifics

65 recruiting trials

Target: BCMA (B-cell maturation antigen). Three FDA-approved drugs: teclistamab (Tecvayli), elranatamab (Elrexfio), linvoseltamab (Lynozyfic). Most-validated MM bispecific class. Plus cevostamab (FcRH5, related class).
GPRC5D × CD3 Bispecifics

25 recruiting trials

Target: GPRC5D (orphan G-protein-coupled receptor). FDA-approved: talquetamab (Talvey). Plus JNJ-79635322 BCMA × GPRC5D dual-bispecific and SIM0500 trispecific. Alternative class for post-BCMA sequencing.

Prostate Cancer — Targeted Radiation

PSMA Radioligand Therapy

55 recruiting trials

Target: PSMA (Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen). FDA-approved: Pluvicto (177Lu-PSMA-617). Plus the Phase 3 alpha-emitter wave: AAA817 (225Ac-PSMA-617), AZD2265 (VECTRA-01), 177Lu-TLX591 (ProstACT Global), and terbium-161 next-gen. PSMA-PET imaging required upfront.

Cross-Cancer — HER2 + TROP2 Antibody-Drug Conjugates

HER2 Antibody-Drug Conjugates

149 recruiting trials

Target: HER2 (ERBB2). FDA-approved anchor: T-DXd (trastuzumab deruxtecan, Enhertu) across HER2+ breast, HER2-low/ultra-low breast, HER2+ gastric, HER2-mutant NSCLC, HER2+ pan-tumor (Apr 2024). Plus disitamab vedotin (RC48, NMPA-approved urothelial), SHR-A1811 / Trastuzumab Rezetecan (Hengrui Ph3 vs T-DM1), IBI354 (Innovent Ph3), DP303c, ARX-788, MRG002, A166.
TROP2 Antibody-Drug Conjugates

226 recruiting trials

Target: TROP2 (trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2; ~85% epithelial cancer expression). FDA-approved anchors: sacituzumab govitecan (Trodelvy, Gilead) across mTNBC (Apr 2020), urothelial (Apr 2021), HR+/HER2- breast (Feb 2023); datopotamab deruxtecan (Datroway, AstraZeneca/Daiichi) HR+/HER2- breast (Jan 2025). Plus sacituzumab tirumotecan (Sac-TMT/MK-2870, Merck — 17 Phase 3s, the largest Merck oncology Phase 3 program), izalontamab brengitecan (SKB500), YL202. Cross-cancer: breast + NSCLC + bladder + cervical + endometrial + ovarian.

Cross-Cancer — CLDN18.2 Targeted Therapies

CLDN18.2 Targeted Therapies

43 recruiting trials

Target: CLDN18.2 (Claudin 18.2). FDA-approved anchor: zolbetuximab (Vyloy, Astellas, Oct 2024) for CLDN18.2+ HER2- gastric/GEJ. Plus CLDN18.2 ADC class (AZD0901 / CMG901, IBI343, LM-302, SHR-A1904, RC118, QLS31905, sonesitatug vedotin), AZD5863 bispecific, JS107 dual-Ph3 bispecific, CT041 / satricabtagene autoleucel CAR-T (the agent in the Egyptian pancreatic patient's top 5), CBG131. Most modality-diverse hub (mAb + ADC + bispecific + CAR-T). Cross-cancer: gastric + pancreatic + biliary.

Cross-Cancer — Bispecific Checkpoint Inhibitors

Bispecific Checkpoint Inhibitors

243 recruiting trials

Targets: PD-1 × CTLA-4, PD-1 × VEGF, PD-1 × TIGIT, PD-L1 × CTLA-4, PD-L1 × TGF-β. Anchors: cadonilimab (AK104, Akeso, NMPA cervical + 1L gastric/GEJ), ivonescimab (AK112, Akeso/Summit, FDA PDUFA Nov 14 2026), rilvegostomig (AZD2936, AstraZeneca PD-1/TIGIT cross-mechanism cluster anchor). Plus QL1706 (Qilu 158 trials), volrustomig (Ph3 cervical + HNSCC), erfonrilimab (KN046), HX008, MGD019/lorigerlimab, SHR-1701, tebentafusp (Kimmtrak, FDA Jan 2022 uveal melanoma). Largest hub corpus ever (445 trials, 50 Phase 3) — cross-cancer NSCLC + gastric + cervical + HCC + CRC + HNSCC + biliary + uveal melanoma.

Cross-Cancer — KRAS Inhibitors

KRAS Inhibitors

100 recruiting trials

Target: KRAS oncogene (G12C, G12D, G12V, pan-RAS). FDA-approved anchors: sotorasib (Lumakras, Amgen, May 2021 NSCLC) + adagrasib (Krazati, Mirati/BMS, Dec 2022 NSCLC + Jun 2024 CRC + cetuximab). Plus pan-RAS daraxonrasib (RMC-6236, Revolution Medicines — the most-cited drug on CTF for ChatGPT live citations). KRAS G12D wave (RMC-9805, MRTX1133, setidegrasib ASP3082 degrader, HRS-4642, VS-7375, INCB161734). Plus calderasib (Merck), divarasib (Genentech), olomorasib (Lilly), garsorasib, glecirasib. KRAS G12V TCR cell therapy (NCT04146298) as related class. 23 Phase 3 trials. Cross-cancer: NSCLC + CRC + pancreatic.

HR+/HER2- Breast Cancer Backbone — CDK4/6 Inhibitors

CDK4/6 Inhibitors

350 recruiting trials

Target: CDK4 + CDK6 kinases (Rb pathway). FDA-approved anchors: palbociclib (Ibrance, Pfizer Feb 2015), ribociclib (Kisqali, Novartis Mar 2017 + Sep 2024 adjuvant high-risk early BC NATALEE), abemaciclib (Verzenio, Lilly Sep 2017 + Oct 2021 adjuvant high-risk early BC monarchE). Plus dalpiciclib (Hengrui NMPA 2023), trilaciclib (Cosela, FDA Feb 2021 SCLC myelopreservation). New Phase 3 wave: oral SERD + CDK4/6i 1L combinations (palazestrant + ribociclib, camizestrant + ribociclib CAMBRIA series, giredestrant). Cross-cancer extension: HR+/HER2- breast (primary) + HNSCC CDKN2A-altered + SCLC myelopreservation. 50 Phase 3 recruiting.

Cross-Cancer DNA Damage Response — PARP Inhibitors

PARP Inhibitors

328 recruiting trials

Target: PARP1/2 (synthetic lethality in BRCA/HRD-deficient cancers). FDA-approved anchors: olaparib (Lynparza, AstraZeneca/Merck — Dec 2014 first PARP FDA, ovarian + breast + mCRPC + pancreatic POLO), niraparib (Zejula, GSK Mar 2017 ovarian), rucaparib (Rubraca Dec 2016 ovarian + May 2020 mCRPC BRCA), talazoparib (Talzenna, Pfizer Oct 2018 breast + Jun 2023 mCRPC TALAPRO-2). Plus next-gen PARP1-selective saruparib (AZD5305, AstraZeneca). Widest cross-cancer hub: ovarian (HRD 1L maintenance) + breast (BRCA-mutated metastatic + adjuvant OlympiA) + prostate (mCRPC BRCA/HRR) + pancreatic (BRCA/PALB2) + emerging endometrial + glioma niraparib MGMT-unmethylated. 38 Phase 3 recruiting.

Cross-Cancer Anti-Angiogenic — Multikinase Inhibitors (VEGFR / FGFR / RET / KIT / MET / PDGFR)

Multikinase Inhibitors

Class hub for oral VEGFR/FGFR/RET/KIT/MET/PDGFR TKIs

Target: VEGFR-1/2/3 (classical anti-angiogenic) + PDGFR-alpha class-common, with distinctive receptor coverage varying by drug. 8+ FDA-approved multikinase TKIs deployed across HCC, RCC, DTC, MTC, GIST, STS, NET, pNET, endometrial + pembrolizumab, cervical, and mCRC 2L+. Class anchor: lenvatinib (Lenvima, Eisai/Merck — 5 FDA approvals across 4 cancer types) uniquely covers FGFR1-4 for HCC. Cabozantinib (Cabometyx, Exelixis — MTC 2012 + RCC 2016 + HCC 2019 CELESTIAL + 1L RCC + nivo 2021 CheckMate-9ER + DTC 2L 2021 COSMIC-311 + NET 2025 CABINET) uniquely covers MET + AXL for post-sorafenib HCC. Sunitinib (Sutent, Pfizer — GIST + RCC + pNET) covers KIT for GIST. Sorafenib (Nexavar, 2005 first VEGFR-TKI + 2007 HCC SHARP + 2013 DTC DECISION). Regorafenib (Stivarga — mCRC 2012 CORRECT + GIST 2013 GRID + HCC 2017 RESORCE). Pazopanib (Votrient — RCC + STS 2012 PALETTE). Axitinib (Inlyta — RCC 1L + pembro 2019 KEYNOTE-426, + avelumab 2019 JAVELIN Renal 101). Investigational: zanzalintinib (XL092). China-approved anlotinib (Focus V). Honest 1L HCC framing: atezolizumab + bevacizumab preferred per IMbrave150; lenvatinib alternative for atezo+bev-ineligible per REFLECT non-inferiority. RET-fusion-positive DTC / NSCLC: selective RET inhibitors selpercatinib and pralsetinib preferred over multikinase agents. Defining class toxicity: hypertension Grade 3+ ~25-45% (lenvatinib highest at ~40%). Class hub anchor for Lenvima's OpenAI discovery pathway (sibling to /mechanisms/trop2-adcs which anchored Datroway's Mon Jun 29 05:05 UTC discovery chain).

Coming Soon — Planned Mechanism Hubs

FRα Antibody-Drug Conjugates

Hub coming soon

Target: FRα (folate receptor alpha). ADCs for FRα-high cancers, primarily platinum-resistant ovarian. Mirvetuximab soravtansine (Elahere) + next-gen. See now: /trials/ovarian-cancer.
DLL3-Targeted Therapies

Hub coming soon

Target: DLL3 (delta-like ligand 3). FDA-approved anchor: tarlatamab (Imdelltra, Amgen, May 2024) 2L+ ES-SCLC. Plus obrixtamig (DAREON-Lung-1), ZG006 trispecific, ZL-1310 DLL3 ADC, MK-6070. Cross-cancer: SCLC + NETs + EP-NEC + NEPC.

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